Where potential, Human Rights Watch supplemented eyewitness and victim accounts of alleged abuses with written complaints in regards to the abuse that nongovernmental organizations filed with government businesses. Human Rights Watch withheld the names of interviewees who expressed concern about talking overtly for fear of reprisals both by safety forces or insurgents. Driven by similar considerations, different individuals interviewed asked that the circumstances they shared not be included for publication within the report—a request that we honored. Still, these circumstances helped inform our evaluation of the patterns of violence, impunity, and the local weather of concern in Dagestan.

Besides Lugayov, a number of obvious witnesses in Novolakskoe told Danilina they noticed police taking Timur away, but they had been afraid to talk to the authorities or provide particular details, Danilina said. Then, according to Danilina, Lugayov received on the phone and informed the household to come to Novolakskoe and bring 50,000 rubles to the district police station. The detailed accounts of the alleged abduction offered to Human Rights Watch by Danilina and the Memorial Human Rights Center are each based on accounts Danilina and Memorial heard immediately from witnesses. The two versions diverge on some points, however both recommend that Timur Danilin was taken away by police and has not been seen since.

In addition to the Russian regional government, there was a separatist Ichkeria government that was not acknowledged by any state . Since 1990, the Chechen Republic has had many authorized, military, and civil conflicts involving separatist actions and pro-Russian authorities. Today, Chechnya is a comparatively steady federal republic, though there’s still some separatist motion activity. Its regional constitution entered into effect on April 2, 2003, after an all-Chechen referendum was held on March 23, 2003. Some Chechens have been managed by regional teips, or clans, regardless of the existence of professional- and anti-Russian political structures.

Under Russian legislation, the “investigation committee” is a government agency in charge of investigation while the prosecutor’s office executes public prosecution on behalf of the state and is tasked with overseeing rule of legislation compliance by state and non-state actors. According to a Dagestani lawyer, there isn’t any such process as operativny rozysk in Russian law enforcement practice, however that native legislation enforcement referred to those practices as such. Human Rights Watch interview with Israfil Gadadov, Makhachkala, September 26, 2014. Human Right Watch interview with seven local residents, Vremenny, January 23, 2015.

Genetic checks on Chechens, have shown roots largely within the Caucasus in addition to slight connections to and influences from the Middle East in addition to Europe. As is the case with many other Caucasian peoples, Chechens are broadly related дагестанский камень with European populations on the Y-DNA from all European regions, but narrowly closer to Western Europeans by way of mitochondrial DNA .

• On the outskirts of Makhachkala, south of the street from Makhachkala to Khasavyurt, there’s a National Park Sarykumskiye Barkhany – huge sand dunes spreading over a number of dozen square kilometres.
• There are several bazaars in Makhachkala, the place you may get nearly anything and equip yourself with needed stuff earlier than setting off to the mountains.
• There are many picturesque waterfalls, together with the 70-metre high waterfall on the Tobot River that falls from the plateau close to the Arani village.
• Khunzakh is a large village in central Dagestan located on the Khunzakh plateau.

Some claim it was erected by a beautiful princess over the grave of her beloved. Legend says that when the sheikh felt his dying was shut, he rode into the open steppe on a camel.

The craftsmen of Amuzghy drained and hammered the well-known Damask metal from which they made the blades for daggers, swords and sabers. And the craftsmen from the neighboring village of Kubachy mage the handles and sheath for them and embellished them with engravings and slicing. People say that Chingiskhan, Tamerlane, Nadirshakh, Napoleon, Alexander I, and Imam Shamil possessed their blades. This nice loss united the Nogai people, with whom even the most powerful armies had been afraid to fight for many years. The reminiscence concerning the fearless hero Edighe lives within the heart of each Nogai man.

Makhach Gamzatov, 31, Makhachkala, May 12, 2013

Specialized research of whatever mutual borrowings and structural influences may have oc­curred are missing. Furthermore, investigations of the chronology of the Iranian loanwords within the Dāḡestānī languages and their instant dialectal sources are still to be carried out. The influence of contact with Persians may also be noticed within the broad sphere of Dāḡestānī material tradition and utilized arts. It is particularly clear in decoration reflecting the themes and motifs of Sasanian art, for example, the pearled band, the lotus with half-palmettes, and the palmette. Many students consider carved-stone Sasanian seals as particularly revealing of the history of faith and art in Persia and countries linked to it, including Dāḡestān, in the sixth and seventh centuries (M. S. Gadzhiev, p. 139).

The Republic Of Kabardino

Takhtamysh’s alliances Baryn-murza and Shirin-murza meanly attacked the bleeding courageous hero, stabbed their daggers into the body, killed him and reduce off his head. Some time passed and Nurudin returned to Sarai and introduced Taktamysh–khan’s head. It was troublesome for the boy to rule the khanate as he lacked his father’s knowledge and dwelling experience. The highest mountainous village in Europe Kurush is located on one of many mountain slopes.